Air-to-ground radar - Revision history

Stevie at 08:47, 12 January 2023

2023-01-12T08:47:35Z

DrSlaughterRex at 01:12, 30 July 2019

2019-07-30T01:12:15Z

DrSlaughterRex at 21:37, 16 July 2019

2019-07-16T21:37:46Z

DrSlaughterRex at 09:26, 16 July 2019

2019-07-16T09:26:08Z

Show changes

DrSlaughterRex: /* Multifunction Display (MFD) */

2019-07-16T00:33:14Z

Multifunction Display (MFD)

DrSlaughterRex: /* Range Scale Selection (OSB 2) */

2019-07-16T00:31:10Z

Range Scale Selection (OSB 2)

DrSlaughterRex: /* Air-to-Ground Ranging (AGR) */

2019-07-16T00:21:30Z

Air-to-Ground Ranging (AGR)

DrSlaughterRex at 00:12, 16 July 2019

2019-07-16T00:12:59Z

DrSlaughterRex at 23:44, 15 July 2019

2019-07-15T23:44:56Z

DrSlaughterRex at 23:18, 15 July 2019

2019-07-15T23:18:28Z

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 [[File:Ground_radar.jpg|border|frameless|600x600px]]
-=Ground Map (GM)=
+==Ground Map (GM)==
 GM mode is designed to provide a map display on the MFD suitable for navigation and for target detection on targets that are NOT moving. Weapons delivery is supported by a ground stabilized cursor whose position is indicated on the map display and is used to center the scan coverage. GM returns are displayed on a plan position indicator (PPI) (polar coordinates) sector format. The submodes EXP, 8:1 DBS1, and 64:1 DBS2 magnify a patch of the PPI sector resulting in increased resolution of the map and more precise cursor placement.
@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 Range resolution increases by 2:1 for each decrease in range scale while in the NORM, EXP and DBS1 submodes. Changing range scales in DBS2 has no effect on range resolution.
-===Ground Target Track===
+==Ground Moving Target (GMT)==
-In GM, SEA, and GMT modes, if a target is being tracked, the target will appear as a solid diamond at the intersection of the X-Y cursor and range will be displayed in the HUD slant range window
+GMT mode is designed to detect moving targets on land or sea. Moving vehicles including cars, tanks, trucks, ships, aircraft while taxiing or helicopters in flight can be detected at low speeds. A background map is available for navigation and detection of stationary targets. Normal (NORM) and expand (EXP) submodes are available along with the FZ option similar to GM.
-=SEA=
+==SEA==
 SEA mode is designed to detect sea-borne targets in low sea states. SEA mode processing differs from GM in that more samples are integrated to produce the map. This requires a slightly slower scan rate to increase the integration time on sea targets.
@@ Line 41: / Line 42: @@
 Control and operation of SEA mode are identical to GM except for the processing differences described above, and the lack of DBS submodes. The NORM and EXP submodes are available as well as the FZ option and transition to FTT.
-=Fixed Target Track (FTT)=
+==Ground Target Track==
 FTT is designed to automatically maintain an accurate track of a stationary discrete target for weapon delivery. FTT is available in GM, SEA or DBS modes and is initiated with a TMS up. This action initiates an acquisition sequence where the radar searches for targets about the cursor position with greater reflected intensity than the background clutter. FTT targets can be seen visually through the HUD. For weapon delivery, an A-G TD box is positioned at the target location. It is generally preferable to acquire targets from EXP or DBS, since signal and thus image quality is increased, and it is easier to differentiate targets.
 [[File:FTT mode.jpg|border|frameless]]
-=Ground Moving Target (GMT)=
+<br />
-=Air-to-Ground Ranging (AGR)=
+==Air-to-Ground Ranging (AGR)==
 The AGR mode is designed to provide an accurate range to a ground point for visual A-G delivery modes (CCIP, DTOS, STRAFE, EO-VIS). The radar is automatically commanded to AGR when the appropriate A-G weapon submode is selected (unless STBY or OVRD is selected).

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 =Ground Map (GM)=
-GM mode is designed to provide a map display on the MFD suitable for navigation and for target detection. Weapons delivery is supported by a ground stabilized cursor whose position is indicated on the map display and is used to center the scan coverage. GM returns are displayed on a plan position indicator (PPI) (polar coordinates) sector format. The submodes EXP, 8:1 DBS1, and 64:1 DBS2 magnify a patch of the PPI sector resulting in increased resolution of the map and more precise cursor placement.
+GM mode is designed to provide a map display on the MFD suitable for navigation and for target detection on targets that are NOT moving. Weapons delivery is supported by a ground stabilized cursor whose position is indicated on the map display and is used to center the scan coverage. GM returns are displayed on a plan position indicator (PPI) (polar coordinates) sector format. The submodes EXP, 8:1 DBS1, and 64:1 DBS2 magnify a patch of the PPI sector resulting in increased resolution of the map and more precise cursor placement.
 STP, OA and SP cursor position are used for weapons delivery and centering of the map coverage. A STP, OA or SP can be selected as an initial cursor position. STP and OA information is used to continually determine the cursor range in all three axes from the aircraft to the STP. Therefore, the cursor is ground stabilized at that location.
@@ Line 27: / Line 25: @@
 The cursor position is depicted relative to the map at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical lines on the MFD and is also indicated by the steerpoint diamond in the HUD. The CURSOR/ENABLE control is used to move the cursor onto the feature of interest on the displayed map.
-Pressing CZ on the MFD removes previous adjustments made to the initial A-G cursor position. This is useful if adjusting gain, changing submodes, or lowering range scale. In this case, the A-G cursor may be displaced from the correct position over the target.
+Pressing CZ on the MFD removes previous adjustments made to the initial A-G cursor position. This is useful if adjusting gain, changing submodes, or lowering range scale. In this case, the A-G cursor may be displaced from the correct position over the target. This function will reset any delta caused by the cursor.
-Scan pattern size and location in GM are controlled both automatically and manually. A 1-bar scan is roll and pitch stabilized with ±10, ±30, or ±60 azimuth scan width selections available from the MFD.
+Scan pattern size and location in GM mode are controlled both automatically and manually. A 1-bar scan is roll and pitch stabilized with ±10, ±30, or ±60 azimuth scan width selections available from the MFD.
 Range resolution increases by 2:1 for each decrease in range scale while in the NORM, EXP and DBS1 submodes. Changing range scales in DBS2 has no effect on range resolution.

@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 =Fixed Target Track (FTT)=
-FTT is designed to automatically maintain an accurate track of a stationary discrete target for weapon delivery. FTT is available in GM, SEA or DBS modes and is initiated with a TMS up. This action initiates an acquisition sequence where the radar searches for targets about the cursor position with greater reflected intensity than the background clutter.
+FTT is designed to automatically maintain an accurate track of a stationary discrete target for weapon delivery. FTT is available in GM, SEA or DBS modes and is initiated with a TMS up. This action initiates an acquisition sequence where the radar searches for targets about the cursor position with greater reflected intensity than the background clutter. FTT targets can be seen visually through the HUD. For weapon delivery, an A-G TD box is positioned at the target location. It is generally preferable to acquire targets from EXP or DBS, since signal and thus image quality is increased, and it is easier to differentiate targets.
 [[File:FTT mode.jpg|border|frameless]]
 =Ground Moving Target (GMT)=

@@ Line 173: / Line 173: @@
 ===Multifunction Display (MFD)===
 Track targets on the MFD are displayed as a solid diamond. The lines previously used to indicate cursor position now indicate target position with the solid diamond at the intersection. The range rings and expansion cue are not displayed during FTT. A typical FTT display is shown below:
 ===Head-Up Display (HUD)===

@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 An automatic range scale option is available in the following modes: GM, EXP, DBS1, DBS2, FTT, SEA, GMTI, and GMTT. Auto range scale switching is enabled via OSB 2 which toggles AUTO or MAN. AUTO range scale switching, which is on by default, may be disabled by depressing OSB 2 or by manually changing the range scale. Any range scale change made via OSB will return the radar to manual (MAN) range scale operation.
-For A-G search operation the AUTO range scale (cursor bump) will increase the FCR range if the cursor is at 95% of the way up the MFD and decrease it if the cursor is at 42.5% of the way up the display or less. These switch points are shown in Figure 42 below as grey dashed lines. Note the bump will only happen if and when the cursor is not being slewed. This function will allow you to refine the cursor position without interruption if an auto range scale change is required. For FTT and GMTT the target position is the determining factor in changing range scales.
+For A-G search operation the AUTO range scale (cursor bump) will increase the FCR range if the cursor is at 95% of the way up the MFD and decrease it if the cursor is at 42.5% of the way up the display or less. These switch points are shown below as grey dashed lines. Note the bump will only happen if and when the cursor is not being slewed. This function will allow you to refine the cursor position without interruption if an auto range scale change is required. For FTT and GMTT the target position is the determining factor in changing range scales.
 ===Field-of-View (FOV) Options (OSB 3)===
@@ Line 33: / Line 35: @@
 For GM mode only, two Doppler Beam Sharpening (DBS1 and DBS2) FOV’s are also available. Selection of DBS1 will provide the same FOV as with EXP, but with improved resolution (8:1). DBS2 will provide a FOV roughly double that of EXP and DBS1 with improved resolution (64:1). Either the EXPAND/FOV button on the stick or OSB 3 above the FOV mnemonic can be used to select the available FOVs in A-G mapping modes.
 ====Expansion Cues====
@@ Line 64: / Line 69: @@
 SP is deselected any of the following ways:
 *Depressing OSB 8 adjacent to the SP mnemonic.
 *Entering any air-to-ground visual submode (CCIP, DTOS, STRAFE, EO-VIS).
@@ Line 134: / Line 140: @@
 |80
 |3
 |20
 |}

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:21, 16 July 2019
Line 197:		Line 197:

	AGR ranges to the point on the ground indicated by weapons delivery symbology in the HUD. Depending on the submode selecting AGR, the symbol in the HUD may be slewed to the desired point, or the aircraft can maneuver to place the symbol at the desired point, or a combination of both. The CURSOR/ENABLE switch on the throttle is used to slew the symbol. Different symbols (see below) are used to indicate the ranging point depending on the submode.		AGR ranges to the point on the ground indicated by weapons delivery symbology in the HUD. Depending on the submode selecting AGR, the symbol in the HUD may be slewed to the desired point, or the aircraft can maneuver to place the symbol at the desired point, or a combination of both. The CURSOR/ENABLE switch on the throttle is used to slew the symbol. Different symbols (see below) are used to indicate the ranging point depending on the submode.
		+
		+	{\| class="wikitable"
		+	!Submode
		+	!Symbol
		+	!Pointing Method
		+	\|-
		+	\|HUD Mark
		+	\|CCIP Pipper (Circle with dot)
		+	\|Slew
		+	\|-
		+	\|Visual Air-to-Ground/Strafe/CCIP
		+	\|CCIP Pipper (Circle with dot)
		+	\|Manoeuvre aircraft
		+	\|-
		+	\|DTOS/EO-VIS
		+	\|A-G TD Box (square with dot)
		+	\|Manoeuvre aircraft/Slew
		+	\|}

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:44, 15 July 2019
Line 136:		Line 136:
	\|20		\|20
	\|}		\|}
		+
		+	===Ground Target Track===
		+	In GM, SEA, and GMT modes, if a target is being tracked, the target will appear as a solid diamond at the intersection of the X-Y cursor and range will be displayed in the HUD slant range window
		+
		+	==Ground Map (GM)==
		+	GM mode is designed to provide a map display on the MFD suitable for navigation and for target detection. Weapons delivery is supported by a ground stabilized cursor whose position is indicated on the map display and is used to center the scan coverage. GM returns are displayed on a plan position indicator (PPI) (polar coordinates) sector format. The submodes EXP, 8:1 DBS1, and 64:1 DBS2 magnify a patch of the PPI sector resulting in increased resolution of the map and more precise cursor placement.
		+
		+	Transition to FTT is available from GM NORM, EXP and DBS.
		+
		+	STP, OA and SP cursor position are used for weapons delivery and centering of the map coverage. A STP, OA or SP can be selected as an initial cursor position. STP and OA information is used to continually determine the cursor range in all three axes from the aircraft to the STP. Therefore, the cursor is ground stabilized at that location.
		+	SP allows observation of the map area in front of the aircraft without having to constantly select steerpoints located ahead of the aircraft. Pressing TMS up creates a pseudo-steerpoint at the current cursor position. At this time, the cursor position is ground stabilized, similar to selecting a steerpoint for the initial cursor position, and cursor placement may be adjusted.
		+
		+	The cursor position is depicted relative to the map at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical lines on the MFD and is also indicated by the steerpoint diamond in the HUD. The CURSOR/ENABLE control is used to move the cursor onto the feature of interest on the displayed map.
		+
		+	Pressing CZ on the MFD removes previous adjustments made to the initial A-G cursor position. This is useful if adjusting gain, changing submodes, or lowering range scale. In this case, the A-G cursor may be displaced from the correct position over the target.
		+
		+	Scan pattern size and location in GM are controlled both automatically and manually. A 1-bar scan is roll and pitch stabilized with ±10, ±30, or ±60 azimuth scan width selections available from the MFD.
		+
		+	Range resolution increases by 2:1 for each decrease in range scale while in the NORM, EXP and DBS1 submodes. Changing range scales in DBS2 has no effect on range resolution.
		+
		+	==SEA==
		+	SEA mode is designed to detect sea-borne targets in low sea states. SEA mode processing differs from GM in that more samples are integrated to produce the map. This requires a slightly slower scan rate to increase the integration time on sea targets.
		+
		+
		+	Control and operation of SEA mode are identical to GM except for the processing differences described above, and the lack of DBS submodes. The NORM and EXP submodes are available as well as the FZ option and transition to FTT.

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
-Possible mnemonics are:
+===Possible mnemonics (OSB 1)===
 *GM: Ground Map Mode
 *GMT: Ground Moving Target Mode
 *SEA: Sea Navigation Mode